Potassium and Sodium Uptake by Sugarbeets as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization Rate, Location, and Year*
نویسنده
چکیده
Received for Publication October 28, 1985 INTRODUCTION Fertilization of sugarbeets (Beta vulgaris L.) with potassium (K) is generally not recommended in the intermountain areas of the western United States. This is attributable to the general abundance of available K and sodium (Na) in the soils of this region, irrigation water often containing significant K and Na concentrations (7), and the lack of plant response to K fertilization in numerous unpublished field experiments. Potassium is taken up by sugarbeets in large quantities and is an essential element for plant growth. Sodium also is taken up in large quantities, even in the presence of ample K, but is not considered essential (34). Sodium can substitute for part of the K needs of the plant, and sodium chloride has been used as a K fertilizer substitute in certain humid regions because of its lower cost (21). Positive yield responses have been noted from the addition of Na, even in the presence of ample K (25). Potassium and Na uptake depends upon their availability in the soil (24), plant growth rate (1), and nitrate uptake (20, 25, 37). Increasing levels of either soil K or Na generally result in increased uptake of these elements. However, there appears to be a reciprocal relationship between availability and uptake of these elements. Increased K availability and uptake decreases Na uptake and vice versa (24, 27). The uptake of K and Na generally follows the crop growth pattern with the largest increases coinciding with the most rapid growth (I).
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